Steam-radiator



D. RBNsH-AW.

(No Modem' Patented Mar; 27, 1883.

STEAM RADIATOR.

Aff/1116 N. PETERS4 Plwmixllwgmmr, washmgeon, D. c.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

DAviD HEENSHAW, oE BEAINTREE, MAssAoHUsErrs.

STEAM-R'ADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of `Letters Patent No. 274,826, dated` March 27, 1883.

*Application tiled January 6, 1883. (No model.) i

Toall whom it may concern each section ot' tubes above the horizontal di- Beit known that LDAVID REN-SHAW, of visionplateand such plates are made en- Braintree, in the county of Norfolkand State of Massachusetts, have inventedicertain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Radiators;

andI do hereby declare` that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had lto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which formpart of this specification.

My inventionrelates to the construction ot' steam heaters or radiators, and is an improvement upon that kind in which two or more sections or rows of tubes are employed at will for increasing or diminishing the heating-sur- `facein use, as required. y

The object of my invention is to simplify the construction ofthe base of the radiator, and renderitmore eective and durable in operation in connection` with the heating or radiating tubes than those nowin general use; to provide means whereby one or more sections of tubes may beconveniently thrown into or outof use that is, put into connection with the steamsupplyor cut oft' from connection therewith, as desired-while at the same time the lower chamber of the base is supplied with steam throughout and uniformly heated, thusvpreventing twisting and warping of the parts from unequal expansion and contraction, due to unequalheating, as in radiators now in use; also, to simplify the construction of the radiatortubes and provide for good circulation ot' the steam through the inner and outer tubes.

1n carrying out my invention, I cast or otherwise `form the base with a horizontal divising an independent upper steam-chamber for tire-i. c., without perforations-above the tions, but in the lower chamber, below the horizontal plate, are formed with numerous openings, providing` for a free circulation of steam throughout the entire area of the lower chamber, whereby the same is uniformly heated and unequal expansion and contraction are prevented. This is an important feature ot' my invention, as b v means ot' it the objectionable aud'injurious warping and twisting of the parts are prevented. By reason ofthe number of partitiolrplates employed they may be made quite thin and light, and this is desirable in order to insure the more uniform heating ot' the base. At each end the base is provided with a number of hubs or bosses having openings for the valve-stems., and the horizontal diaphragm is provided at each end with a"corresponding number ot' openings or conical valve-seats directly below the openings in the top plate of the base, for receiving the conical valves. These openings at each end correspond tothe number of uppersteamchambers, and are for the purpose-in conjunction with the valves-of admitting steam independently to vany one of the steanrchambers and tube-sections, and for drawing off the products ot' condensation from them, as desired. The steam-inlet pipe and the draw OEE pipe connect with the lower chamber of the base. The inner tubes ot' the double radiating-tubes are made open at each end, and are preferably made of' such size in relation to the outer tubes as to form narrow annular spaces between the tubes in order to induce a better circulation of steam. i

Having stated the nature ot' my invention and pointed out its general construction and some of its advantages, I will now proceed to describe it more particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same letters designate like parts in all the tigures.

Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section oi' a radiator having double tubes and a `base embodying my inventio'n, Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the base, showing the sepa ICO screw-threaded valve-stemsE.

rate upper steam-chambers and the connected l B, and may be admitted at will into any one tube-sections; and Fig. 3 is a plan or top view, partly in section, for showing the vertical division-plates and the separate steamchambers.

lhe hollow base A is divided by the horizontal plate B into upper and lower chambers, and these are again divided bythe vertical plates C into smaller chambers, those above being tight and independent of each other throughout, while those below thel plate B communicate freely with each other through the openings c in the plates C. The partitionplates are preferably made thin and light for the free transmission of-heat, and by reason of their number make the'base sufficiently strong. The horizontal plate B is provided at each end with bosses or thickened portions b 11', for the better formation therein of the coni-A cal' valve openings and seats. rI he top plate of the base is provided at each end with screwthreaded hubs or bosses D, for receiving the Suitable stuifing-boxes are provided for making tight joints about the valve stems and openings. The conical ends e ofthe valves tit in the openings a upon the conical seats and make therewith tight joints. The openings c in plates O, be-

. low the platel B, permit a free circulation of steam through all the lower chambers of the base, thereby uniformly heating the saine, and preventing strain and distortion of the parts by unequal expansion and contraction. The steam-inlet pipe F connects with one end of the lower'part of the base, and the drawloft pipe F', for drawing oft' the products of condensation, connects with the other end thereof. The outer tubes, H, are secured in the top plate of the base in the usual or'any desired manner, and are provided with caps h. The inner tubes, I, are secured and held concen` trically within them by wedge-shapedpieces or lugs t' at top and bottom. The inner aud outer tubes are made of such relative size as Ato provide a very narrow annular space between them, whereby condensation in such space is more rapid, and tlie circulation ot' steam is facilitated by its passage up through the inner tube and down through the outer tube. As the heat is mainly radiated from the outer tubes, of course condensation takes place there as the heat is given ofi" from the steam, and the steam, becoming heavier, falls, together with the portion reduced to water, inducing'a natural circulation up through the inner tubes and down through the outer tubes.

Steam is introduced directly from the boiler or generator through pipe F intothe lower chamber or chambers oi' the base, spreading throughthe whole area thereof below the plate or more of the steam-boxes and tube-sections by opening` the appropriate valve E. It is thus seen that the radiating-surface in actual use is under complete control, so that the volume of heat or temperature may be raised or lowered, as required, and heat thus economized, and the comfort of those using the radiator better provided for.

I am aware that radiators have been constructed with bases having separate and independent end division-chambers, each of said chambers having a controlling-valve'for admitting steam to one or more of the radiating sections. In these patents the steam enters only a portion of the lower base-chamber, which expands the surrounding heated metal, while the other portion ot' the base is cold, and therefore contracted, the difference in temperature having a tendency to cause the metal to crack and burst. With mine the temperature throughout the base is equal, and therefore I avoid the objections above alluded to.

Having described my invention, whatIclaim 1sl. In a steam heater or radiator, the hollow base provided with the horizontal divisionplate B, having openings a., and forming upper and lower main chambers, and the vertical division-plates C, dividing the upper chamber or space above plate B into independent longitudinal steam-chambers fr, in combination with theindependent valves and separate tubesections communicating with each steamchamber ai, as described.

2. In a steam heater or radiator', the hollow base provided with the horizontal plate B, hav-- ing valve-openings, and the vertical divisionplates forming separate longitudinal steamchambers above the plate B, and having opening c below the plate B, in combination with the valves and tube-sections for each upper steam-chamber, and the steam-supply pipe and the discharge-pipe, for the purpose set forth.

ln combination with the hollow base having longitudinal division-plates and openings through the same, and a supply pipe, valves, and openings, and a discharge pipe, valves, and openings, the double tubes, the inner oneot' which is open at both ends, and both communicating with the same chamber, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own invention Iafiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

DAVID RENSHAVV. Vitnesses: v

B. F. MoRsELL,

EUGENE D. GARUsL IIO 

